Usage
Dictionary
Hiragana: さくら
Pronunciation: Sakura
Meaning: Cherry blossoms
Column
A Guide to Japan’s Iconic Cherry Blossom Varieties
Japan is renowned for its stunning cherry blossoms, or “sakura,” which come in various species, each with its own unique history and characteristics. Here’s a look at some of the most iconic cherry blossom varieties in Japan.
Somei Yoshino (Yoshino Cherry)
The Somei-Yoshino cherry blossom is one of Japan’s most renowned sakura varieties, and its origin story is fascinating.
The Birth of Somei-Yoshino
The origin of Somei-Yoshino dates back to the Meiji era. Below is a summary of its background and development.
Background
- Influence of the Meiji Restoration and Western Culture: After the Meiji Restoration, Japan began adopting Western culture and technologies. This period also saw the introduction of Western flowering trees.
- Admiration for Flowering Cities: Japanese people at the time were captivated by the beauty of Western cities and gardens, leading to a popularity of Western plants.
Teijiro Tanaka and His Contributions
- Efforts of Teijiro Tanaka: A significant contributor to the development of Somei-Yoshino was Teijiro Tanaka, a botanist and professor at Tokyo Imperial University. He introduced many species and worked to cultivate varieties suited to Japan’s climate.
- Attempts at Crossbreeding: Tanaka experimented with crossbreeding different cherry blossom varieties to enhance cold resistance and flower beauty. This process led to the creation of Somei-Yoshino.
Naming
- Origin of the Name: The name Somei-Yoshino combines “Somei,” taken from Tanaka’s wife’s name, with “Yoshino,” a place name (Yoshino).
Popularization and Symbolism
- Spread Nationwide: Due to its beautiful flowers and cold resistance, Somei-Yoshino spread across Japan and is now cherished as a symbol of spring.
- Cultural Significance of Sakura: Cherry blossoms hold a vital place in traditional Japanese culture, and Somei-Yoshino is a beloved representative variety.
The birth of Somei-Yoshino is a valuable historical legacy that reflects Japan’s culture and natural landscape.
Kanzan (Sekiyama Cherry)
- Features: This variety is known for its deep pink, double-layered blossoms, which create a lush and vibrant display.
- Origin: Introduced from China during the Muromachi period and widely cultivated in the Edo period.
Oshima Sakura (Oshima Cherry)
- Features: Oshima Sakura is distinguished by its large, slightly purplish petals. It has a strong fragrance and is often used in breeding other cherry varieties.
- Origin: Native to the Izu Islands, particularly Oshima Island, this variety was later cultivated across Japan.
Shidarezakura (Weeping Cherry)
- Features: The branches of Shidarezakura droop gracefully, creating a cascading effect that is particularly striking in the wind.
- Origin: Cultivated during the Edo period for gardens and parks, its elegant appearance has made it a beloved sight in springtime.
Takasagozakura (Takasago Cherry)
- Features: Known for its deep pink flowers with rounded petals, this variety stands out in any landscape.
- Origin: Originating from the Takasago area in present-day Wakayama Prefecture, it has been cultivated for its striking beauty.
The Cultural Significance of Cherry Blossoms
Cherry blossoms hold a special place in Japanese culture, symbolizing the transient nature of life due to their short blooming period. Hanami, or flower viewing, is a traditional Japanese custom where people gather under the cherry trees to appreciate their fleeting beauty. This practice dates back over a thousand years and remains a cherished part of Japanese culture today.
In conclusion, each cherry blossom variety in Japan adds to the rich tapestry of the country’s natural beauty and cultural heritage. From the iconic Somei Yoshino to the elegant Shidarezakura, these blossoms continue to captivate both locals and visitors alike, heralding the arrival of spring each year.
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